A Study was Conducted to assess the Effectiveness of an Information Booklet on Knowledge regarding the Developmental Milestones of 0–5-year-old Children among Mothers in a selected area

 

Vinodkumar Arali, Muniyandi. S

Asha Ram College of Nursing, C/o Asha Hospital, Lekha Nagar,

Cantonment, Kamptee-Nagpur Road, Kamptee 441001.

*Corresponding Author E-mail: vinod8817@gmail.com, muniyandi4u@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

The studies aim to evaluate the effectiveness of an information booklet on developmental milestones for 0–5-year-old children in selected community areas. The objectives include assessing pre-test knowledge, and post-test expertise, and evaluating its effectiveness. The study also aims to associate post-test knowledge scores with demographic variables.1 The hypothesis is that there will be no significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores and a significant association between post-test knowledge scores and their selected demographic variables2. This study used a pre-experimental, one-group pre-test post-test design to assess knowledge regarding the developmental milestones of 0–5-year-old children in a selected community area. A pilot study was conducted by administering questionnaires to six mothers fulfilling the sample criteria3. The distribution of mothers according to age, education, occupation, number of children, type of family, monthly family income (Rs), and previous knowledge was also examined. Most mothers had an average level of knowledge score, while 15% had a good level of knowledge score. The mean knowledge score in the pre-test was 10.71, and the mean percentage of knowledge score in the pre-test was 35.72. In the post-test 6.7% of mothers had good and 93.33% of them had very good levels of knowledge score. The minimum knowledge score in the post-test was 18, and the maximum knowledge score in the post-test was 24. The mean knowledge score in the post-test was 20.63, and the mean percentage of knowledge score in the post-test was 68.77. The association of knowledge score with age in years, educational level, occupation, number of children, type of family, monthly family income, and previous knowledge However, none of the demographic variables found were statistically associated with their post-test knowledge score. The findings of this study have implications for nursing practice, nursing education, nursing administration, and research. Nursing practice involves caring for people at different stages of development and understanding growth and development to recognize individual needs and provide appropriate care9. Nursing education focuses on monitoring each child's development to determine if a child's development is on track. Developmental milestones are important for understanding each child's development and behaviour, and developmental theories help nurses assess and treat a person's response to developmental challenges.10 In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the knowledge and skills of mothers about developmental milestones for 0–5-year-old children in selected community areas.

 

KEYWORDS: Effectiveness, information booklet, Milestones. Children.

 

 


INTRODUCTION:

Milestones are achieved when different biological processes are completed within a few months of one another at an expected age. The term "development" defines a steady rise in functional ability and skill. Milestones in development like that first step, the first smile, and waving these individuals off are examples of these skills. Milestones are reached by children in their play, learning, speaking, and movement (walking, crawling, etc.).4 Early experiences have an enormous effect on how productive members of society become as children. This is particularly true for the events that transpire during the first five years of life, as this period is essential for the physical and mental development of children5.

 

Almost all of the responsibility for child care depends on mothers. As a result, the mother's knowledge of Mothers bears the majority of the cost of child care.6,7 Thus, the type and standard of care that a child acquires depends on the mother's understanding of child care. Given the importance of the topic and the absence of available data, the goal of the research is to determine mothers' levels of awareness regarding milestones in development for their children8,11.

 

PROBLEM STATEMENT:

A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of an information booklet on knowledge regarding the developmental milestones of 0–5-year-old children among mothers in a selected area

 

OBJECTIVES:

1.   To evaluate mothers' pre-test knowledge of developmental milestones for children ages 0 to 5.

2.   To assess the mothers' understanding of the information booklet's developmental milestones for children aged 0 to 5.

3.   To associate the post-test knowledge score with the chosen demographic variables about the developmental milestones of children aged 0 to 5.

 

HYPOTHESIS:

Null Hypothesis

H0:   There will be no significant difference in knowledge scores regarding developmental milestones among the mothers in selected areas. Alternative Hypothesis

H1:   There will be a significant difference between pre-test and post-test knowledge scores.

H2:   There will be a significant association between post-test knowledge scores and their selected demographic variable.

 

Schematic Representation for the Research process

 

ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION:

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the information booklet on knowledge regarding developmental milestones of 0-5 years children among the mothers in selected areas

 

Test

Mean

score

Standard Deviation

Mean Difference

Students -t- test value

Pre - test score

10.71

2.09

9.92

29.19

Post - test score

20.63

1.58

 

The knowledge scores of mothers regarding the developmental milestones of children aged 0 to 5 are compared between the pre- and post-tests in the above table. The student's paired "t test is used at the 0.05% level of significance to compare the mean, standard deviation, and mean difference values. For n = 60-1, or 59 degrees of freedom, the tabulated value was 2..00. The calculated "t" value, or 29.19, for mothers' overall knowledge score is significantly higher than the tabulated value at the statistically acceptable level of significance of 0.05%. Therefore, it can be statistically interpreted that the information booklet on children ages 0 to 5's developmental milestones was successful. Consequently, the H1 is approved.

 

 

Mean knowledge score in pre and   post-test of mothers.

 

CONCLUSION:

Ultimately, this research offers significant perspectives on mothers' cognizance and proficiency concerning developmental benchmarks for children aged 0 to 5 in the community

 

REFERENCES:

1.      Sharma, R. (2020). Essentials of Pediatric Nursing. Jaypee Brothers, Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited.http://books.google.ie/books?id=z9BczgEACAAJ&dq=1.%09Sharma,+R.+(2020).+Essentials+of+pediatric+nursing+(3rd+ed.).+Jaypee+Brothers+Medical,+pp+.62.&hl=&cd=1&source=gbs_api

2.      Voigt, R. G., Macias, M. M., and Myers, S. M. (2011). Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics.http://books.google.ie/books?id=Cd3BtAEACAAJ&dq=2.%09CDC.+(2022,+February+14).+CDC%E2%80%9Fs+developmental+milestones.+Centers+for+Disease+Control+and+Prevention.+https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/actearly/milestones/index.html&hl=&cd=8&source=gbs_api

3.      Aldayel, A. S., Aldayel, A. A., Almutairi, A. M., Alhussain, H. A., Alwehaibi, S. A., & Almutairi, T. A. (2020). Parental Knowledge of Children’s Developmental Milestones in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. International Journal of Pediatrics, 2020, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8889912

4.      Handbook of Child Psychology and Developmental Science, Cognitive Processes. (2015). John Wiley & Sons.   http://books.google.ie/books?id=MB_PBwAAQBAJ&printsec=frontcover&dq=4.%09Adolph,+K.+E.,+%26+Robinson,+S.+R.+(2015).+Motor+Development.+In+Handbook+of+Child+Psychology+and+Developmental+Science+(pp.+1%E2%80%9345).+John+Wiley+%26+Sons,+Inc.&hl=&cd=4&source=gbs_api

5.      Kamau-Thuita, F., Omwega, A. M., & Muita, J. W. G. (2002). Child care practices and nutritional status of children aged 0-2 years in Thika, Kenya. East African Medical Journal, 79(10). https://doi.org/10.4314/eamj.v79i10.8814

6.      Alkhazrajy, L. A., & Aldeen, E. R. S. (2017). Assessment of Mothers Knowledge Regarding the Developmental Milestone among Children Under Two Years in Iraq. American Journal of Applied Sciences, 14(9), 869–877. https://doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2017.869.877

7.      Grantham-McGregor, S., Cheung, Y. B., Cueto, S., Glewwe, P., Richter, L., & Strupp, B. (2007). Developmental potential in the first 5 years for children in developing countries. Lancet, 369(9555), 60–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60032-4

8.      Salomone, E., Pacione, L., Shire, S., Brown, F. L., Reichow, B., & Servili, C. (2019). Development of the WHO Caregiver Skills Training Program for Developmental Disorders or Delays. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00769

9.      Meshram, K., Maurya, A., & Kumari, D. (2017). Effectiveness of Planned Teaching on Knowledge Regarding Developmental Milestones among the Mothers of infant in selected Rural area of Wardha District. International Journal of Nursing Education and Research, 5(2), 160. https://doi.org/10.5958/2454-2660.2017.00033.3

10.   Basavanthappa, B. (2014). Nursing Research and Statistics. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited. http://books.google.ie/books?id=L-wxjwEACAAJ&dq=18.%09BT+Basavanthappa,+Nursing+research+and+statistics+(3ed.).+Jaypee+brothers+medical+,pp.127-129.&hl=&cd=1&source=gbs_api

11.   Fayaz, F., & Goonawardane, S. (2017). Determinants of maternal knowledge on developmental milestones of children attending immunization clinics in the district of Colombo, Sri Lanka. Journal of the College of Community Physicians, 23(2), 71. https://doi.org/10.4038/jccpsl.v23i2.8093

 

 

 

 

Received on 02.07.2024         Revised on 29.08.2024

Accepted on 01.10.2024         Published on 30.11.2024

Available online on December 31, 2024

A and V Pub Int. J. of Nursing and Med. Res. 2024; 3(4):153-155.

DOI: 10.52711/ijnmr.2024.35

©A and V Publications All right reserved