A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls in selected colleges of Mehsana district
Sweety Joshi1, D D Patidar2
1Final Year M.Sc. Nursing Students, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.
2Assistant Professor, Joitiba College of Nursing, Bhandu, Dist: Mehsana.
*Corresponding Author E-mail: swityjoshi3010@gmail.com
ABSTRACT:
Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome was first described in 1935 by American gynecologists Irving F. Stein and Michael L. Leventhal as a syndrome manifested by amenorrhea, hirsutism and obesity associated with enlarged polycystic ovary, from whom its original name of Stein–Leventhal syndrome is taken. According to recent statistics one fifth of the world’s population is adolescents and in India one third of the population is between the ages of 10 and 24. Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood, a time of profound biological, intellectual, psychological and economic changes. During this period individual reaches physical, sexual maturity and develop more sophisticated reasoning abilities. Research Approach: quantitative approach, Research Design: Pre-experimental one group pretest post test design, Participants: 100 adolescent girls aged 18-21 years selected by non probability convenience sampling technique. Intervantion: the structured teaching programme was administered over 40 minutes and post test carried out after 7th day. Tools: Structured knowledge questionnaire and Likert attitude scale. Result: mean score was 1.890 with SD 0.60126. The calculated “t” value CV = 4.662, TV = 1.990 (CV > TV) which was statistically significant at 0.05 level. It showed that, there was a significant difference between the pre and post test of knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls. So Ho1 hypothesis is rejected. Regarding attitude, post test, the mean score was 32.5400 with SD 3.92974. Here the calculated “t” value was CV = 1.425, TV = 1.990 (CV < TV) at 0.05 level. No significant difference between the pre and post test of attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls. So Ho2 hypothesis is accepted. Same as chi square pre test knowledge with the age in years (1.349), marital status (1.662), types of family (1.984), area of residence (1.168), family history (0.702), first source of information (6.34) and age of menarche(2.796 ). It was statically less than table value of age in years, marital status, types of family, area of residence, family history (3.84), first source of information (9.49), and age of menarche (7.81). There is no association between demographic data with knowledge and attitude level. Conclusion: Statistical evidence proved that providing education through S.T.P is improve the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
KEYWORDS: Assess, Knowledge, Attitude, Polycystic ovarian syndrome, Adolescent girls.
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY:
Adolescence is a period having the sense of identity and the sense of intimacy. It is the transition from childhood to adulthood and so it is not a smooth one. In addition to this intellectual and emotional upheaval, rapid body growth causes them anxiety and cultural pressures of today’s world add further stress to their uncertainty1. 10 to 20% of the world population comprises adolescents and their problems have not been fully appreciated and addressed until recent times. 1
Gynaecological problems of adolescents occupy a special space in the spectrum of gynaecological disorders of all ages. Menstrual abnormalities are the common problems of adolescents. Menstrual disorders (58.06%) were found to be the commonest gynaecological problem. About 50% of girls, the initial menstrual periods are irregular, prolonged, scanty or excessive or without dysmenorrhoea. This is because of the physical nature of the problems which are so unique, special, and specific for the age group, and also because of the associated and psychological factors which are very important in the growth and psychological remodeling of someone in the transition between childhood and womanhood. 2
It is common in women suffering from obesity. Almost 80% of the PCOS patients are obese. A cross-sectional analysis of a longitudinal cohort study (2015 Feb. 5, Australia) infertility was noted by 72% of 309 women reporting PCOS.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a group of recognizable patterns of symptoms or abnormalities which requires the presence of two of the following three conditions. i) Oligo and /or anovolution ii) polycystic ovaries iii) hyperandrogenism. 3
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
A study to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls in selected colleges of Mehsana district.
OBJECTIVE:
1) To assess the knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
2) To assess the attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
3) To evaluate the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
4) To find out the association of knowledge and attitude with their selected demographic variables.
5) To find out the correlation between knowledge and attitude.
HYPOTHESIS:
· H01:- There will be no significant difference between pre- test and post-test knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls at 0.05 level of significance.
· H02:- There will be no significant difference between pre- test and post-test attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls at 0.05 level of significance.
· H1:- There will be significant difference between pre- test and post- test knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls at 0.05 level of significance.
· H2:- There will be significant difference between pre- test and post- test attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls at 0.05 level of significance.
METHODOLOGY:
An quantitative research approach was adopted for this study. The research design selected Pre-experimental one group pretest post test design without control group to assess the effectiveness of structured teaching programme on knowledge and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls. The study was conducted in Mehsana district. In this study the sample size consisted of 100 sample are selected by non probability convenient sampling technique. Data collection done after obtaining permission from authority principal of selected college in Mehsana district. Adolescent girls in selected colleges of Mehsana district. The data were collected through a Pre-test assessment, Intervention & Post-test assessment of knowledge and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome among adolescent girls. By using Self structured questionnaire multiple choice questionnaires for knowledge assessment and likert scale. prepared tool was validated by different experts.
RESULT:
Part I: Description of the demographic variables:
In the present study majority of adolescent girls 41% students belong to the age group of 18-19 years, 59% belongs to 20-21 years, majority a 92% student belongs to unmarried, 8% belongs to married,87% student belongs to joint family, 13% belongs to nuclear family, majority a 99% student belongs to urban, 01% belongs to rural area, majority a 73% student belongs to no information, 12% belongs to Health professionals, 09% belongs to mass media, 05% belongs to friends/ relatives, 1% belongs to magazine and journals regarding to PCOS and majority a 66% student belongs to age group of 14-16, 20% belongs to 17 and above, 10% belongs to 11-13, and 04% belongs to 8-10.
Part II: Level of the knowledge on PCOS among adolescent girls:
In the present study the level of knowledge PCOD was assessed wherein majority in pre test 41% adolescent girls had poor knowledge, 59% had average knowledge and none of them had excellent knowledge. Where as in post test levels of knowledge revealed that 24% adolescent girls had poor knowledge, 63% had average knowledge, 13% had excellent knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
The mean and SD of pre and post test regarding knowledge and attitude. In pre test, the mean score of knowledge was 9.0100 with SD 2.73213 and in post test; the mean score was 1.890 with SD 0.60126. The calculated “t” value CV = 4.662, TV = 1.990 (CV > TV) which was statistically significant at 0.05 level. It showed that, there was a significant difference between the pre and post test of knowledge regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls.
Part III: Level of the attitude regarding PCOS among adolescent girls:
The level of attitude on PCOS was assessed wherein pre test none of them had Unfavorable attitude, 78% adolescent girls had Neutral attitude, 22% adolescent girls had Favorable attitude. In post test none of them had unfavorable attitude, 69% adolescent girls had neutral attitude, 31% adolescent girls had favorable attitude.
The finding of the study is supported by a study to assess the level of attitude on PCOS among adolescent girls using a structured teaching programme. Pre test mean score was 31.8700with SD 3.48925 and in post test, the mean score was 32.5400 with SD 3.92974. Here the calculated “t” value was CV = 1.425, TV = 1.990 (CV < TV) at 0.05 level. It showed that, there was No significant difference between the pre and post test of attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls. So the given structured teaching programme not effective for attitude.
Part IV: Correlation between level of knowledge and attitude on PCOS among adolescent girls:
The correlation between knowledge and attitude on PCOS the calculated correlation “r” value = 0.125 is less then table value of 0.204 so there is a no significant correlation between the knowledge and attitude regarding PCOS among adolescent girls.
Part V: Association of the level of knowledge and attitude on PCOS among adolescent girls with their selected demographic variables:
It was found that there is statistically non significant association of knowledge on PCOS among adolescents with their selected demographic variable in pre test knowledge with the age in years (=1.349), marital status (=1.662), types of family (=1.984), types of college (=0.00), area of residence (=1.168), family history (=0.702), first source of information (=6.34) and age of menarche (=2.796).
The above findings were supported by a study effectiveness of structured teaching programme among adolescent girls in college of Mehsana district revealed that there was non significant association between knowledge of adolescent students and their demographic variables.
CONCLUSION:
On the basis of the findings of the study, the following conclusions have been drawn:
Distribution of demographic variables revealed that out of 100 adolescent girls: 59% belongs to the age group of 20-21 years, 92%were unmarried, 87% were belongs to joint family, 99% student belongs to urban, 73% were had no source of information, 66%were had age of menarche 14-16.
In pre test, the mean score regarding knowledge was 9.0100 with the SD 2.73213 and in post test, the mean score was 12.1800 with the SD 5.19008. In pre test the mean score regarding attitude was 31.8700 with the SD 3.48925 and in post test the mean score was 32.5400 with SD 3.92974 and the calculated correlation “r” value = 0.125 is less then table value of 0.204 so there is a no significant correlation between the knowledge and attitude regarding polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) among adolescent girls. There was significant association of knowledge on PCOS among adolescent with their selected demographic variable family history. There was no significant association of attitude on PCOS among adolescent girls with their selected demographic variables.
REFERENCES:
1. Wiley J. Medical Definition of Ovary [Internet]. Medicine Net. 2008 [cited 26 February2016]. Availablefrom:http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp
2. Goswami S, Dutta R, Sengupta S. J Obstet Gynaecol India; 2005Jul/Aug;55(4) :353-5
3. Feldman R. Understanding PCOD. 6th ed. New Delhi. Grew hill Publishers;2004
Received on 22.12.2022 Modified on 10.01.2023
Accepted on 31.01.2023 ©A&V Publications All right reserved
A and V Pub Int. J. of Nursing and Medical Res. 2023; 2(1):16-18.
DOI: 10.52711/ijnmr.2023.05